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How to Finance Medical Expenses

Updated
Dana George
Eric McWhinnie
Many or all of the products here are from our partners that compensate us. It’s how we make money. But our editorial integrity ensures that our product ratings are not influenced by compensation. Citi is an advertising partner of Motley Fool Money.

Covering the cost of medical care can be challenging, but a personal loan may help. Here, we'll cover the average cost of medical expenses, how personal loans work, and other options for covering the sometimes shocking expenses.

How much do medical expenses cost?

Here's a rundown of some average costs:

Procedure Average Costs
X-ray $50 - $1,000+
Blood test $300 - $650+
ER visit $700 - $3,400+
Urgent care $80 - $800+
Pre-natal care $90 - $500/visit
Gall bladder removal $5,500 - $17,000+
Appendectomy $33,000 - $48,000+
Data source: International Citizens Insurance

Getting a medical expenses loan

Personal loans are one option for paying medical costs. Before taking on a medical loan, remember that you can negotiate. A medical facility or doctor's office billing department can discount your bill or help you set up a payment plan. It may even walk you through the steps you must take for bill forgiveness or point you toward an agency that can help.

Compare the best personal loans

Get the best rates and terms to fit your needs. Here are a few loans we'd like to highlight, including our award winners.

Lender APR Range Loan Amount Min. Credit Score Next Steps
Fixed: 8.99%-29.99% APR (with all discounts)
$5,000 - $100,000
680
7.99% - 24.99%
$2,500 - $40,000
660
6.70% - 35.99%³
$1,000 - $50,000¹
300

How a personal loan for medical expenses works

A personal loan is money you borrow from a lender and repay with interest, typically in monthly installments. There are two types of personal loans -- unsecured and secured. An unsecured personal loan means you don't have to put up collateral for the loan. A secured loan requires you to put something of value up. While a secured loan may land you a lower interest rate, you risk losing your collateral if you miss payments.

Pros and cons of personal loans

If you're considering a personal loan to pay medical costs, it's wise to consider the pros and cons.

Pros

  • You may be able to borrow the entire amount needed.
  • Since personal loans may be secured or unsecured, you can choose which type works best for you.

Cons

  • You'll pay interest on the loan, and if your credit score is less than ideal, your interest rate may be high.
  • You need enough income to cover the new addition to your monthly budget.

The best time to consider pros and cons is before applying for a loan.

Getting a low-interest medical expenses loan

The goal is to qualify for the lowest possible interest rate. Here are some of the factors lenders consider when deciding your rate.

Your credit score

The higher your credit score, the better your chances of landing a low rate. If your credit score is low, consider boosting it before applying for a loan. Remember that medical bills may come due before your score has time to rebound. If that's the case, speak with the medical provider or facility you owe money to, explain your situation, and negotiate a compromise.

Employment and income

To determine that you can afford monthly payments, lenders ask for proof of employment status and how much money you earn. The more secure your financial situation appears, the less you're likely to pay in interest.

Secured or unsecured

You will typically be offered a lower interest rate when taking out a secured loan. The fact that you're putting something of value up as collateral means the lender can repossess the collateral if you miss payments. Carefully consider whether a lower rate is worth the risk.

Your repayment timeline

Lenders consider longer-term loans risky because there's more time for things to go wrong with your finances, and they frequently offset the additional risk by charging a higher interest rate. The workaround is to take out the shortest-term loan you can afford, hopefully leading to a lower rate.

How to apply for a medical expenses loan

If you decide that taking out a personal loan to pay medical expenses is the right move, here's how it's done.

1. Check your credit score

High credit scores reap the reward of lower interest rates and loan fees. Before proceeding, check your credit score and order a copy of your credit report. If your score is low, take steps to boost it.

2. Decide how much you want to borrow

Determine how much money you'll need to pay the medical bills. Next, decide if you have any cash available to put toward the debt or if you want to borrow the entire amount.

3. Rate shop

Check several lenders, remembering that interest rates only tell part of the story. Look at the annual percentage rate (APR). The APR includes interest, fees, and other charges, giving you a better idea of how much the loan will cost.

4. Decide on a lender

Once you've shopped lenders and know which offers the lowest APR and best repayment terms, fill out a loan application. If approved, read over the loan agreement and ask questions if there's anything you don't understand. Sign the loan agreement, wait for loan proceeds, and plan to make your first payment approximately one month later.

Alternatives to a personal loan

Health insurance

If you're fortunate enough to have health insurance (at least 27 million Americans don't), it should be your first line of defense against high medical bills. If possible, present your medical card before treatment to avoid any confusion. If your medical situation is not an emergency, call your insurer to find out how much of your expected treatment will be covered and how much you'll be out of pocket.

Health savings accounts

If you have a high-deductible health insurance plan, you may have either a health savings account (HSA) or a flexible spending account (FSA). Both allow you to save money in a tax-free account and use those funds to pay for medical expenses. While it's never fun to drain an account you've spent months building, HSAs and FSAs are a great way to knock out an unexpected medical expense.

Medical credit cards

Medical credit cards are similar to regular credit cards. However, there are two key differences. First, medical credit cards can only be used to pay for medical services. Each card type is accepted within a specific network of providers.

Second, medical cards usually offer deferred interest. You may get 0% interest for a set period, but unlike a 0% intro APR credit card, that interest can still come back to bite you. If you don't pay the debt in full within the deferred interest period, you'll need to pay the remaining debt plus all the interest that's accumulated.

Cash

Do you have money put away in an emergency fund? Is your savings account healthy? It often makes most sense to pay a medical bill with those funds. However, only use this method after you have negotiated with the provider for a lower price.

Help from a community service provider

Search online for "assistance programs in (your county)" to find a list of programs available to residents of your area. If you don't find anything helpful, contact a local social service agency and ask for advice.

Financial aid from the medical facility

Most medical facilities, particularly nonprofit ones, have a charity care program designed to reduce or cover medical bills for those in need. Do not be shy about asking. Again, it's the people working in the billing department who tend to have their ears to the ground.

Payment plan through medical provider

Ask about monthly payments. Be honest about how much you can afford to pay and do not cut your budget short. Let's say your son broke his arm, and you received a statement for $1,200.

Before calling, you decide that you can afford to pay $50 per month. You explain your situation and ask for a discount. The medical provider cuts the amount owed down to $1,000. By paying $50 per month, you'll have the debt paid off in 20 months. This is common, so always ask.

Final thoughts

Life is about being practical, which can be frustrating when it comes to unwanted bills. Ask yourself these questions before deciding whether a loan is right for you:

  • Do I expect to be off work for long? If so, will other bills take priority?
  • Do I (or will I soon) qualify for Medicare or Medicaid?
  • What are my options? What loan terms can I qualify for, and how much can I pay monthly?

The goal is to settle on a plan that allows you to get back to what's important -- taking care of your health.

FAQs

  • It's not uncommon for medical providers to help patients reduce their bills to a more manageable number. After all, getting paid something is better than learning that a patient has filed for bankruptcy protection and the provider will receive nothing.

  • Your credit score impacts whether you're approved for a loan and determines how much you'll pay in interest and loan fees. Whether you're considering a personal loan or not, it's always a good idea to boost your credit score -- just in case you apply for credit in the future.

  • Explain your situation. As mentioned, medical providers deal with payment issues daily. If you haven't tried to negotiate your total bill yet, now is an excellent time to do so.