Could United Natural Foods (UNFI 0.70%) finally be rounding a corner? The beleaguered wholesale grocery distributor issued its fiscal second-quarter earnings results on Wednesday, and though the report displayed its share of blemishes, some encouraging signs are emerging as the company attempts to dispense with a lingering drag from its October 2018 acquisition of competitor SUPERVALU.
Below, let's briefly review the quarter, and then discuss the positive signals in the data. Note that all comparable numbers that follow refer to the prior-year quarter.
United Natural Foods: A bird's-eye view
| Metric | Q2 2020 | Q2 2019 | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $6.14 billion | $6.15 billion | 0.1% |
| Net income | ($30.7 million) | ($341.7 million) | N/A |
| Diluted EPS | ($0.57) | ($6.72) | N/A |
Data source: United Natural Foods. EPS = earnings per share. N/A = not applicable; earnings not comparable due to large prior-year loss.
Essential details from the quarter
- Sales to natural foods grocers, which make up the company's "Supernatural" channel, increased 10% to $1.2 billion. However, this growth was offset by a 1.2% sales dip in the supermarkets channel (to $3.9 billion), as well as declines in the smaller independent and "other" channels.
- United Natural Foods incurred an operating loss of $5.1 million, which included $33.1 million in expense related to three customer bankruptcies, and $29.7 million in acquisition, restructuring, and integration expenses associated with the SUPERVALU transaction. Adjusting for the SUPERVALU expenses, the company generated an operating profit of $18.5 million.
- Gross margin improved by 24 basis points to 12.63%. After removing an inventory fair value adjustment stemming from the SUPERVALU acquisition, gross margin rose by 14 basis points to 12.53%. Management attributed the incremental rise in profitability to lower inbound freight cost.
- The company generated $131.1 million in adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA), a total that was dragged down by the $33.1 million customer bankruptcies expense. United Natural Foods reached $142.6 million in adjusted EBITDA in the prior-year quarter.
Image source: Getty Images.
A sign of rising fortunes?
United Natural Foods financed its acquisition of SUPERVALU with substantial debt, taking its long-term borrowings from roughly $150 million before the transaction to $2.9 billion after the deal closed in 2018. Last quarter, the company increased long-term debt by another $232 million to bulk up on inventory in advance of the holiday season. Management indicated at the time that the new borrowings would reverse after the first quarter.
The organization is following through on this promise, as it paid back $149 million in debt in the second quarter. And on a related note, operating cash flow, which hit negative $136 million in the first quarter, is back in the green. United Natural Foods has produced positive operating cash flow of $39 million in the first half of the year.
This indicates that the company indeed enjoyed a strong calendar year-end -- it covered the cash drain of the first quarter while also absorbing the cash effects of the customer bankruptcy expenses in the second quarter. Rising operating cash flow would allow the company to continue to trim its debt service -- a key stake in the ground for a prolonged turnaround, and a goal that management has affirmed its commitment to previously.
In another small sign that we may be seeing an incipient shift in the organization's operations, this quarter's gross margin hints at profit stabilization. After acquiring SUPERVALU, the wholesale grocer's gross margin has drifted down nearly every quarter from its perch of 15% pre-acquisition. The current period's year-over-year growth, even by a meager 14 basis points, may represent a floor from which improvement is possible. The company appears to have put some of its initial integration issues related to SUPERVALU's distribution network behind it; with disciplined execution, an improvement of 100 to 200 basis points in gross margin should be within reach.
United Natural Foods, a prototypical consumer staples investment, currently trades at a price-to-book value ratio of just 0.32. For value investors, this is a sign that if the grocer can make incremental progress in boosting margins and cash flow, it may emerge as an attractive long-term purchase. I'd wait until at least the fiscal third quarter for confirmation of health in the data points discussed above, but United Natural Foods, despite its struggles to digest SUPERVALU, may end up as a sensible bargain purchase for risk-tolerant investors this year.
